Income Taxes |
9 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2022 | |
| Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] | |
| Income Taxes | INCOME TAXES As a result of the IPO and the related transactions completed in April 2019, we own a portion of the Common Units of the Operating Company, which is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and most applicable state and local income tax purposes. As a partnership, the Operating Company is generally not subject to U.S. federal and certain state and local income taxes, however, certain states in which the Operating Company does business impose state composite and/or withholding income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by the Operating Company is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including Greenlane, on a pro-rata basis, in accordance with the terms of the Operating Agreement. The Operating Company is also subject to taxes in foreign jurisdictions. We are a corporation subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes, based on our share of the Operating Company’s pass-through taxable income.
The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), which was enacted on March 27, 2020, made tax law changes to provide financial relief to companies as a result of the business impacts of COVID-19. Key income tax provisions of the CARES Act include changes in net operating loss carryback and carryforward rules, acceleration of alternative minimum tax credit recovery, increase in the net interest expense deduction limit and charitable contribution limit, and immediate write-off of qualified improvement property. The changes are not expected to have a significant impact on us. The Consolidation Appropriations Act of 2021, enacted on December 27, 2020, extended and enhanced COVID relief provisions of the CARES Act. The Company has evaluated the impact of the Consolidated Appropriation Act and determined that its impact is not material to the Company’s financial statements.
As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, management performed an assessment of the realizability of our deferred tax assets based upon which management determined that it is not more likely than not that the results of operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize portions of the net operating loss benefits. Consequently, we established a full valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, and reflected a carrying balance of $0 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. In the event that management determines that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, an adjustment to the valuation allowance will be made, which would reduce the provision for income taxes. The provision for and benefit from income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, relates to taxes in foreign jurisdictions, including Canada and the Netherlands.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, the effective tax rate differed from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the Operating Company's pass-through structure for U.S. income tax purposes, the relative mix in earnings and losses in the U.S. versus foreign tax jurisdictions, and the valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset.
Excerpt for the Canadian subsidiary, we do not record U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries, based upon our intention to permanently reinvest undistributed earnings to ensure sufficient working capital and further expansion of existing operations outside the United States. In the event we are required to repatriate funds from outside of the United States, such repatriation would be subject to local laws, customs, and tax consequences.
Uncertain Tax Positions
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, we did not have any unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during a prior period or during the current period. No interest or penalties have been recorded as a result of tax uncertainties. The Company is subject to audit examination for federal and state purposes for the years 2018 – 2020.
Tax Receivable Agreement (TRA)
We entered into the TRA with the Operating Company and each of the members (other than Greenlane Holdings, Inc.) that provides for the payment by the Operating Company to the members of 85% of the amount of tax benefits, if any, that we may actually realize (or in some circumstances are deemed to realize) as a result of (i) increases in tax basis resulting from any future redemptions of Common Units as described in “Note 1—Business Operations and Organization” and (ii) certain other tax benefits attributable to payments made under the TRA.
The annual tax benefits are computed by calculating the income taxes due, including such tax benefits, and the income taxes due without such benefits. The Operating Company expects to benefit from the remaining 15% of any tax benefits that it may actually realize. The TRA payments are not conditioned upon any continued ownership interest in the Operating Company. The rights of each noncontrolling interest holder under the TRA are assignable to transferees of its interest in the Operating Company. The timing and amount of aggregate payments due under the TRA may vary based on a number of factors, including the amount and timing of the taxable income the Operating Company generates each year and the applicable tax rate.
As noted above, we evaluated the realizability of the deferred tax assets resulting from the IPO and the related transactions completed in April 2019 and established a full valuation allowance against those benefits. As a result, we determined that the amount or timing of payments to noncontrolling interest holders under the TRA are no longer probable or reasonably estimable. Based on this assessment, our TRA liability was $0 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
If utilization of the deferred tax assets subject to the TRA becomes more likely than not in the future, we will record a liability related to the TRA, which would be recognized as expense within our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, we did not make any payments, inclusive of interest, to members of the Operating Company pursuant to the TRA.
|