Greenlane Holdings, Inc. Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

Our audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and with the instructions to Form 10-K and Article 8 of Regulation S-X.

Principles of Consolidation

Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts, the accounts of the Operating Company, and the accounts of the Operating Company's consolidated subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reverse Stock Split

On August 4, 2022, we filed a Certificate of Amendment (the "Certificate of Amendment") to the A&R Charter with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, which effected a one-for-20 reverse stock split (the “Reverse Stock Split”) of our issued and outstanding shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock (collectively, the "Common Stock") at 5:01 PM Eastern Time on August 9, 2022. As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, every 20 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding were converted into one share of Common Stock. We paid cash in lieu of fractional shares, and accordingly, no fractional shares were issued in connection with the Reverse Stock Split.

The Reverse Stock Split did not change the par value of the Common Stock or the authorized number of shares of Common Stock. All outstanding options, restricted stock awards, warrants and other securities entitling their holders to purchase or otherwise receive shares of our Common Stock have been adjusted as a result of the Reverse Stock Split, as required by the terms of each security. The number of shares available to be awarded under our Amended and Restated 2019 Equity Incentive Plan have also been appropriately adjusted. See "Note 10 — Compensation Plans" for more information.

All share and per share amounts in these consolidated financial statements and notes thereto have been retroactively adjusted for all periods presented to give effect to the Reverse Stock Split, including reclassifying an amount equal to the reduction in par value of Common Stock to additional paid-in capital.

Liquidity

Our primary requirements for liquidity and capital are working capital, debt service related to recent acquisitions and general corporate needs. Our primary sources of liquidity are our cash on hand and the cash flow that we generate from our operations, as well as proceeds from equity issuances, such as our June 2022 and October 2022 offerings, and our ATM program, each as described below.

We have an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (the "Shelf Registration Statement") and may opportunistically conduct securities offerings from time to time in order to meet our liquidity needs. For so long as our public float is less than $75 million, our ability to utilize the Shelf Registration to raise capital is limited, as further described below. The Shelf Registration Statement registers shares of our Class A common stock, preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share (the "preferred stock"), depository shares representing our preferred stock, warrants to purchase shares of our Class A common stock, preferred stock or depository shares, and rights to purchase shares of our Class A common stock or preferred stock that may be issued by us in a maximum aggregate amount of up to $200 million. In August 2021, we filed a prospectus supplement and established an "at-the-market" equity offering program (the "ATM Program") that provides for the sale of shares of our Class A common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50 million, from time to time. Net proceeds from sales of

our shares of Class A common stock under the ATM Program are expected to be used for working capital and general corporate purposes. However, we may be unable to access the capital markets because of current market volatility and the performance of our stock price.

On March 31, 2022, the date on which our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 (the "2021 Annual Report") was filed with the SEC, the Shelf Registration Statement became subject to the offering limits set forth in Instruction I.B.6 because our public float was less than $75 million. For so long as our public float is less than $75 million, the aggregate market value of securities sold by us under the Shelf Registration Statement (including our ATM Program) pursuant to Instruction I.B.6 during any twelve consecutive months may not exceed one-third of our public float. Since the launch of the ATM program in August 2021 and through December 31, 2022, we sold shares of our Class A common stock which generated gross proceeds of approximately $12.7 million and we paid fees to the sales agent of approximately $0.4 million. In light of our low cash position, we have been forced to sell stock under our ATM program at prices that may not otherwise be attractive and are dilutive. We have offered $2.2 million in securities pursuant to Instruction I.B.6 in the twelve calendar months preceding the date of filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Following the completion of the June 2022 Offering (as defined below) we are unable to issue additional shares of Class A common stock pursuant to the ATM Program or otherwise use the Shelf Registration Statement for a period of time due to the restrictions under Instruction I.B.6 to Form S-3, which will limit our liquidity options in the capital markets for a period of time.

On June 27, 2022, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with an accredited investor, pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell an aggregate of 585,000 shares of our Class A common stock, pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 495,000 shares of our Class A common stock (the “June 2022 Pre-Funded Warrants”) and warrants to purchase up to 1,080,000 shares of our Class A common stock (the “June 2022 Standard Warrants” and, together with the June 2022 Pre-Funded Warrants, the “June 2022 Warrants”), in a registered direct offering (the “June 2022 Offering”). The June 2022 Offering generated gross proceeds of approximately $5.4 million and net proceeds to the Company of approximately $5.0 million. All June 2022 Pre-Funded Warrants were exercised in July 2022, for de minimis net proceeds.

On August 9, 2022, we entered into an asset-based loan agreement dated as of August 8, 2022 (the “Loan Agreement”), which made available to the Company a term loan of up to $15.0 million. On February 9, 2023, we entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Loan Agreement, in which we agreed to, among other things, voluntarily prepay approximately $6.6 million (inclusive of early termination fees and expenses) under the terms provided for under the Loan Agreement and the lenders under the Loan Agreement agreed to release $5.7 million in funds held in a blocked account pursuant to the terms of the Loan Agreement.

On October 27, 2022, we entered into securities purchase agreements with certain investors, pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell an aggregate of 6,955,555 shares of our Class A common stock, 1,377,780 October 2022 Pre-Funded Warrants and 16,666,670 October 2022 Standard Warrants. The October 2022 Units were offered pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-1. The October 2022 Offering generated gross proceeds of approximately $7.5 million and net proceeds to the Company of approximately $6.8 million.

On February 3, 2023, we filed a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (the "February 2023 S-1") seeking to register the public offering of up to $8.0 million in units, which has not yet become effective. We can provide no assurances as to whether the February 2023 S-1 will become effective, or whether we will undertake this public offering following the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

On February 16, 2023, two of our wholly owned subsidiaries, Warehouse Goods and Kim International LLC, entered into an agreement with a third-party institutional investor pursuant to which the investor purchased, for approximately $4.85 million in cash, an economic participation interest, at a discount, in all of our rights to payment from the United States Internal Revenue Service with respect to the employee retention credits filed by us under the Employee Retention Credit program.

We have completed several initiatives to optimize our working capital requirements. We launched Groove, a new, innovative Greenlane Brands product line, which is accretive to gross profit, and we also rationalized our third-party brands product offering, which enables us to reduce inventory carrying costs and working capital requirements. We are in the process of divesting the packaging product line, which is expected to provide liquidity and allow for ongoing substantial cost reductions. We have successfully renegotiated supplier partnership terms and are continuing to improve working capital arrangements with suppliers. We have made progress consolidating and streamlining our office, warehouse, and distribution operations footprint. We have reduced our workforce by approximately 49% throughout fiscal year 2022 to reduce costs and align with our revenue projections.

We believe that our cash on hand and cash flow from operating activities will be sufficient to fund our working capital and capital expenditure requirements, as well as our debt repayments and other liquidity requirements associated with our existing operations, for at least the next 12 months.

Our opinions concerning liquidity are based on currently available information. To the extent this information proves to be inaccurate, or if circumstances change, future availability of trade credit or other sources of financing may be reduced and our liquidity could be adversely affected. Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of available funds will depend on many factors, including those described in the section titled “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2022. Depending on the severity and direct impact of these factors on us, we may be unable to secure additional financing to meet our operating requirements on terms favorable to us, or at all.

Use of Estimates

Conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates form the basis for judgments we make about the carrying values of our assets and liabilities, which are not readily apparent from other sources. We base our estimates and judgments on historical information and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments in several areas. Such areas include, but are not limited to: the collectability of accounts receivable; the allowance for slow-moving or obsolete inventory; the realizability of deferred tax assets; the fair value of goodwill; the fair value of contingent consideration arrangements; the useful lives of intangible assets and property and equipment; the calculation of our VAT taxes receivable and VAT taxes, fines, and penalties payable; our loss contingencies, including our TRA liability; and the valuation and assumptions underlying equity-based compensation. These estimates are based on management's knowledge about current events and expectations about actions we may undertake in the future. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") a global pandemic. We expect uncertainties around our key accounting estimates to continue to evolve depending on the duration and degree of impact associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including the possible resurgence of new strains. Our estimates may change as new events occur and additional information emerges, and such changes are recognized or disclosed in our consolidated financial statements.

Voluntary Change in Accounting Principle

During the first quarter of 2022, we made a voluntary change in accounting principle to classify outbound shipping and handling costs associated with the distribution of products to our customers as a component of "general and administrative" costs within our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. These costs were previously recorded as a component of "cost of sales" within our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. We made the voluntary change in accounting principle because we believe the classification of outbound shipping and handling costs within "general and administrative" costs better reflects the selling effort and enhances the comparability of our financial statements with many of our industry peers. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the change has been reflected in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss through retrospective application as follows:


	For the year ended December 31, 2021
(in thousands)	Prior to Change		Effect of Change		As Adjusted
Cost of sales	$	138,381	$	(6,174)	$	132,207
Gross profit	$	27,679	$	6,174	$	33,853
General and administrative	$	41,700	$	6,174	$	47,874
Total operating expenses	$	80,401	$	6,174	$	86,575

Segment Reporting

We manage our global business operations through our operating and reportable business segments. As of December 31, 2022, we had two reportable operating business segments: Industrial Goods and Consumer Goods. Our reportable segments have been identified based on how our chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), which is a committee comprised of our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and our Chief Financial and Legal Officer, manage our business, make resource allocation and operating decisions, and evaluate operating performance. See “Note 12—Segment Reporting.”

Business Combinations

Our business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). Under the acquisition method, we recognize 100% of the assets we acquire and liabilities we assume, regardless of the percentage we own, at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets and other identifiable intangible assets we acquire is recorded as goodwill. To the extent the fair value of the net assets we acquire, including other identifiable assets, exceeds the purchase price, a bargain purchase gain is recognized. The assets we acquire, and liabilities we assume from contingencies, are recognized at fair value if we can readily determine the fair value during the measurement period. The operating results of businesses we acquire are included in our consolidated statement of operations from the date of acquisition. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. See “Note 3— Business Acquisitions.”

Equity-Based Compensation

We account for equity-based compensation grants of equity awards to employees in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation. This standard requires us to measure compensation expense based on the estimated fair value of share-based awards on the grant date and recognize as expense over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. We estimate the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes model on the grant date. The Black-Scholes model requires us to use several variables to estimate the grant-date fair value of our equity-based compensation awards including expected term, expected volatility and risk-free interest rates. Our equity-based compensation costs are recognized using a graded vesting schedule. For liability-classified awards, we record fair value adjustments up to and including the settlement date. Changes in the fair value of our equity-based compensation liability that occur during the requisite service period are recognized as compensation cost over the vesting period. Changes in the fair value of the equity-based compensation liability that occur after the end of the requisite service period but before settlement, are recognized as compensation cost of the period in which the change occurs. We account for forfeitures as they occur. See “Note 10—Compensation Plans.”

Loss Contingencies

Certain conditions may exist which may result in a loss to us, but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. Management assesses such contingent liabilities and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against us, or unasserted claims that may result in such proceedings, we evaluate the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or unasserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein.

If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability is estimable, the liability would be accrued in our consolidated financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss, if determinable and material, would be disclosed.

Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed. Unasserted claims that are not considered probable of being asserted and those for which an unfavorable outcome is not reasonably possible have not been disclosed.

Fair Value Measurements

We apply the provisions of ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for its measurement and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the exchange price we would receive for an asset or an exit price we would pay to transfer a liability in the principal, or most advantageous, market for our asset or liability in an orderly transaction with a market participant on the measurement date. We determine the fair market values of our financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy, which requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The following three levels of inputs may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 Observable inputs such as unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2 Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The carrying amounts of our financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and short-term debt, are carried at historical cost basis, which approximates their fair values because of their short-term nature. The fair value of our long-term debt is the estimated amount we would have to pay to repurchase the debt, inclusive of any premium or discount attributable to the difference between the stated interest rate and market rate of interest at each balance sheet date. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the carrying amount of our long-term debt approximated its fair value. On a recurring basis, we measure and record contingent consideration using fair value measurements in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. See “Note 4—Fair Value of Financial Instruments.”

We also own equity securities of private entities, which do not have readily determinable fair values. We elected to measure these equity securities at cost minus impairment, if any. At each reporting period, we make a qualitative assessment considering impairment indicators to evaluate whether our investment is impaired. The equity securities are adjusted to fair value when an observable price change can be identified. See “Note 4—Fair Value of Financial Instruments.”

Cash

For purposes of reporting cash flows, we consider cash on hand, checking accounts, and savings accounts to be cash. We also consider all highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. We place our cash with high credit quality financial institutions, which provide insurance through the Federal Deposit Insurance Company. At times, the balance in our accounts may exceed federally insured limits. We perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these institutions and do not expect any losses related to such concentrations. As of December 31, 2022, and 2021, approximately $0.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively, of our cash balances were in foreign bank accounts and uninsured. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had no cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash represents principally cash reserves that are maintained pursuant to the governing agreement of the Asset-Based Loan discussed in "Note 6 - Debt."

Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts receivable represent amounts due from customers for merchandise sales and are recorded when revenue is earned and are carried at the original invoiced amount less an allowance for any potentially uncollectible amounts. An account is considered past due when payment has not been rendered by its due date based upon the terms of the sale. Generally, accounts receivable are due ### after the billing date. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts to reserve for potentially uncollectible receivable amounts. In evaluating our ability to collect outstanding receivable balances, we consider various factors including the age of the balance, the creditworthiness of the customer, the customer's current financial condition, current economic conditions, and other factors that may affect our ability to collect from customers. We write off accounts as uncollectible on a case-by-case basis. We pledge accounts receivable as collateral for our long-term debt, see “Note 6—Debt.”

Inventories, net

Inventories consist of finished goods that we value at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a weighted average cost basis for the majority of the inventory. We established an allowance for slow-moving or obsolete inventory based upon assumptions about future demands and market conditions. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the reserve for obsolescence was approximately $21.4 million and $21.3 million, respectively. We pledge inventory as collateral for our long-term debt, see “Note 6— Debt.”

Vendor Deposits

Vendor deposits represent prepayments we make to vendors for inventory purchases. A significant number of vendors require us to prepay for inventory purchases.

Customs Bonds

The Company is required to obtain customs bonds to import goods into the United States to provide security for payment of duties, taxes and other fees incurred as a result of importing goods. Customs bonds are included in "Other current assets" in our consolidated balance sheets, see "Note 8 - Supplemental Financial Statement Information."

Assets Held for Sale

We generally consider assets to be held for sale when (i) we commit to a plan to sell the assets, (ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in their present condition, (iii) we have initiated an active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell the assets, (iv) consummation of the planned sale transaction is probable, (v) the assets are being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to their current fair value, (vi) the transaction is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale, within one year, and (vii) significant changes to or withdrawal of the plan is unlikely. Following the classification of any depreciable assets within a disposal group as held for sale, we discontinue depreciating the asset and write down the asset to the lower of carrying value or fair market value less cost to sell, if needed.

Property and Equipment, net

We state property and equipment at cost or, if acquired through a business combination, fair value at the date of acquisition. We calculate depreciation and amortization using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, except for our leasehold improvements, which are depreciated over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or their related lease term. Upon the sale or retirement of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from our accounts and the resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to income. We expense costs for repairs and maintenance when incurred. Property and equipment includes assets recorded under finance leases, see “Note 5—Leases.” We pledge property and equipment as collateral for our long-term debt, see “Note 6—Long Term Debt.”

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We assess the recoverability of the carrying amount of our long lived-assets, including property and equipment and finite-lived intangibles, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be assessed when estimated undiscounted future cash flows from the operation and disposition of the asset group are less than the carrying amount of the asset group. Asset groups have identifiable cash flows and are largely independent of other asset groups. Measurement of an impairment loss is based on the excess of the carrying amount of the asset group over its fair value.

Changes in our future operations and business lines could affect the estimated undiscounted future cash flows from the operation of certain long-lived assets, such as customer relationships, and may give rise to impairment losses in future periods.

Intangible Assets, net

Our intangible assets consist of domain names, intellectual property, distribution agreements, proprietary technology, trademarks and tradenames, customer relationships, and other rights. We amortize intangible assets with finite lives over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis. The straight-line method of amortization represents our best estimate of the distribution of the economic value of the identifiable intangible assets. We carry intangible assets with finite lives at cost less accumulated amortization. We assess the recoverability of finite-lived intangible assets in the same manner we do for property and equipment, as described above.

For our intangible assets not subject to amortization, we perform an annual impairment assessment during the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently if indicators of potential impairment exist, to determine whether it is more likely than not that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. If necessary, a quantitative impairment test is performed to compare the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset with its carrying value. Impairments, if any, are based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the asset.

For additional information about intangible assets, see "Note 3—Business Acquisitions" and "Note 8—Supplemental Financial Statement Information."

Investments in Equity Securities

Our investments in equity securities without readily determinable fair value consist of ownership interests in Airgraft Inc., Sun Grown Packaging, LLC ("Sun Grown") and Vapor Dosing Technologies, Inc. ("VIVA"). We determined that our ownership interests do not provide us with significant influence over the operations of these investments. Accordingly, we account for our investments in these entities as equity securities. Airgraft Inc., Sun Grown, and VIVA are private entities and their equity securities do not have a readily determinable fair value. We elected to measure these securities under the measurement alternative election at cost minus impairment, if any, with adjustments through earnings for observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. Investments in equity securities are included within "Other assets" in our consolidated balance sheets. See “Note 4—Fair Value of Financial Instruments.”

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the price we paid over the fair value of the net identifiable assets we acquired in business combinations. In accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, we review goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level annually or, when events or circumstances dictate, more frequently. The impairment review for goodwill consists of a qualitative assessment of whether it is more-likely-than-not that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying amount, and if necessary, a quantitative goodwill impairment test. Factors to consider when performing the qualitative assessment include general economic conditions, limitations on accessing capital, changes in forecasted operating results and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. If the qualitative assessment demonstrates that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, it is not necessary to measure and record impairment loss. We may elect to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to the quantitative assessment, for any reporting unit, in any period. We can resume the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any subsequent period.

When we perform a quantitative impairment test, we use a combination of an income approach, a discounted cash flow valuation approach, and a market approach, using the guideline public company method, to determine the fair value of each reporting unit, and then compare the fair value to its carrying amount to determine the amount of impairment, if any. If a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying amount, we record an impairment charge based on that difference, up to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

The quantitative impairment test requires the application of a number of significant assumptions, including estimated projections of future revenue growth rates, EBITDA margins, terminal value growth rates, market multiples, discount rates, and foreign currency exchange rates. The projections of future cash flows used to assess the fair value of the reporting units are based on the internal operation plans reviewed by management. The market multiples are based on comparable public company

multiples. The discount rates are based on the risk-free rate of interest and estimated risk premiums for the reporting units at the time the impairment analysis is prepared. The projections of future exchange rates are based on the current exchange rates at the time the projections are prepared. if the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, no further analysis or write-down of goodwill is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value of its net assets, the implied fair value value of the reporting unit is allocated to all its underlying assets and liabilities, including both recognized and unrecognized tangible and intangible assets, based on their fair value. If necessary, goodwill is then written down to its implied fair value.

For additional information about goodwill, see "Note 3—Business Acquisitions" and "Note 8—Supplemental Financial Statement Information."

Vendor Incentives and Rebates

Sales incentives we receive in the form of payments from vendors solely to reimburse us for acting as the vendors' agent in redeeming a sales incentive that is between our vendor and our customers and end consumers are included in net sales in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

We also have agreements with certain vendors to receive volume rebates which are dependent upon reaching minimum purchase thresholds. When volume rebates can be reasonably estimated and it is probable that minimum purchase thresholds will be met, we record a portion of the rebate when or as we make progress towards the purchase threshold. Amounts received from vendors relating to volume rebates are considered a reduction of the carrying value of our inventory and, therefore, such amounts are ultimately recorded as a reduction of cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Foreign Currency Translation

Our consolidated financial statements are presented in United States (U.S.) dollars. The functional currency of one of the Operating Company’s wholly-owned, Canada-based, subsidiaries is the Canadian dollar. The functional currency of the Operating Company’s wholly-owned, Netherlands-based subsidiary is the Euro. The assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at current exchange rate at each balance sheet date for assets and liabilities and an appropriate average exchange rate for each applicable period within our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Capital accounts are translated at their historical exchange rates when the capital transactions occurred. The foreign currency translation adjustments are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a separate component of stockholders’ deficit in our consolidated balance sheets. Other exchange gains and losses are reported within our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Comprehensive (loss) income includes net (loss) income as currently reported by us, adjusted for other comprehensive items. Other comprehensive items consist of foreign currency translation gains and losses and unrealized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments that qualify as hedges.

Advertising

We expense advertising costs as incurred and include them in general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Advertising costs were approximately $2.8 million and $4.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Income Taxes

We are a corporation subject to income taxes in the United States. Certain subsidiaries of the Operating Company are taxable separately from us. Our proportional share of the Operating Company’s subsidiaries’ provisions are included in our consolidated financial statements.

As of December 31, 2022, we hold all the outstanding Common Units in the Operating Company and are the sole member. As a result, starting in 2023, 100% of the Operating Company’s US and state income and expenses will be included in our US and state tax returns.

Our deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the tax basis and financial statement amounts that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future. We compute deferred balances based on enacted tax laws and applicable rates for the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. A valuation allowance is recognized for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. In making such a determination, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent

operations. If we determine we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowance had been recorded, then we would adjust the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which would reduce our provision for income taxes.

We evaluate the tax positions taken on income tax returns that remain open and positions expected to be taken on the current year tax returns to identify uncertain tax positions. Unrecognized tax benefits on uncertain tax positions are recorded on the basis of a two-step process in which (1) we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely to be realized is recognized. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recorded in income tax benefit. We have no uncertain tax positions that qualify for inclusion in our consolidated financial statements. See “Note 11—Income Taxes.”

Tax Receivable Agreement (TRA)

We entered into the TRA with the Operating Company and each of the members of the Operating Company that provides for the payment by the Operating Company to the members of 85% of the amount of tax benefits, if any, that we may actually realize (or in some circumstances are deemed to realize) as a result of (i) increases in tax basis resulting from any future redemptions that are funded by us or exchanges of Common Units as described above in “Note 1—Business Operations and Organization” and (ii) certain other tax benefits attributable to payments made under the TRA.

We compute annual tax benefits by calculating the income taxes due, including such tax benefits, and the income taxes due without such benefits. The Operating Company expects to benefit from the remaining 15% of any tax benefits that it may actually realize. The TRA payments are not conditioned upon any continued ownership interest in the Operating Company. The rights of each noncontrolling interest holder under the TRA are assignable to transferees of its interest in the Operating Company. The timing and amount of aggregate payments due under the TRA may vary based on a number of factors, including the amount and timing of the taxable income the Operating Company generates each year and the applicable tax rate.

We periodically evaluate the realizability of the deferred tax assets resulting from the exchange of Common Units for our Class A common stock. If the deferred tax assets are determined to be realizable, we then assess whether payment of amounts under the TRA have become probable. If so, we record a TRA liability equal to 85% of such deferred tax assets. In subsequent periods, we assess the realizability of all of deferred tax assets subject to the TRA. If we determine that a deferred tax asset with a valuation allowance is realizable in a subsequent period, the related valuation allowance will be released and consideration of a corresponding TRA liability will be assessed. The realizability of deferred tax assets, including those subject to the TRA, is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those deferred tax assets become deductible and consideration of prudent and feasible tax-planning strategies.

The measurement of the TRA is accounted for as a contingent liability. Therefore, once we determine that a payment to a member of the Operating Company has become probable and can be estimated, the estimated payment will be accrued. See “Note 11—Income Taxes.”

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when customers obtain control of goods and services promised by us. Revenue is measured based on the amount of consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services, reduced by promotional discounts and estimates for return allowances and refunds. Taxes collected from customers for remittance to governmental authorities are excluded from net sales.

We generate revenue primarily from the sale of finished products to customers, whereby each product unit represents a single performance obligation. We recognize revenue from product sales when the customer has obtained control of the products, which is either at point of sale or delivery to the customer, depending upon the specific terms and conditions of the arrangement, or at the point of sale for our retail store sales. We provide no warranty on products sold. Product warranty is provided by the manufacturers.For certain product offerings such as child-resistant packaging, closed-system vaporization solutions and custom-branded retail products, we may receive a deposit from the customer (generally 25% - 50% of the total order cost, but the amount can vary by customer contract) when an order is placed by a customer. We typically complete these orders within one to six months from the date of order, depending on the complexity of the customization and the size of the order, but the completion timeline can vary by product type and terms of sales with each customer. See “Note 8—Supplemental Financial Statement Information” for a summary of changes to our customer deposits liability balance during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

We estimate product returns based on historical experience and record them as a refund liability that reduces the net sales for the period. We analyze actual historical returns, current economic trends and changes in order volume when evaluating the adequacy of our sales returns allowance in any reporting period. Our liability for returns, which is included within “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in our consolidated balance sheets, was approximately $0.3 million and $1.0 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

We elected to account for shipping and handling expenses that occur after the customer has obtained control of products as a fulfillment activity in cost of sales. Shipping and handling fees charged to customers are included in net sales upon completion of our performance obligations. We apply the practical expedient provided for by the applicable revenue recognition guidance by not adjusting the transaction price for significant financing components for periods less than one year. We also apply the practical expedient provided by the applicable revenue recognition guidance based upon which we generally expense sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period is one year or less. Sales commissions are recorded within “Salaries, benefits and payroll tax expenses” in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

One customer represented approximately 22% of our net sales for the year ended December 31, 2022. No customer represented more than 10% of our net sales for the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has a concentration of credit risk with its accounts receivable balance as three customers represented approximately 31%, 17% and 15% of accounts receivable, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has a concentration of credit risk with its accounts receivable balance as two customers represented approximately 13% and 11% of accounts receivable, respectively.

Value Added Taxes

During the third quarter of 2020, as part of a global tax strategy review, we determined that our European subsidiaries based in the Netherlands, which we acquired on September 30, 2019, had historically collected and remitted value added tax (“VAT”) payments, which related to direct-to-consumer sales to other European Union (“EU”) member states, directly to the Dutch tax authorities. In connection with our subsidiaries' payment of VAT to Dutch tax authorities rather than other EU member states, we may become subject to civil or criminal enforcement actions in certain EU jurisdictions, which could result in penalties.

We performed an analysis of the VAT overpayments to the Dutch tax authorities, which we expected to be refunded to us, and VAT payable to other EU member states, including potential fines and penalties. Based on this analysis, we recorded VAT payable of approximately $0.4 million and $2.5 million relating to this matter within "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Pursuant to the purchase and sale agreement by which we acquired our European subsidiaries, the sellers are required to indemnify us against certain specified matters and losses, including any and all liabilities, claims, penalties and costs incurred or sustained by us in connection with non-compliance with tax laws in relation to activities of the sellers. The indemnity (or indemnification receivable) is limited to an amount equal to the purchase price under the purchase and sale agreement. During the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, we recognized a gain of approximately $2.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively, within "general and administrative expenses" in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, which represented the partial reversal of a charge previously recognized based on the difference between the VAT payable and the VAT receivable and indemnification asset, as the indemnification asset became probable of recovery based on the reduction in our previously estimated VAT liability for penalties and interest based on our voluntary disclosure to, and ongoing settlement with, the relevant tax authorities in the EU member states.

Management intends to pursue recovery of all additional losses from the sellers to the full extent of the indemnification provisions of the purchase and sale agreement, however, the collectability of such additional indemnification amounts may be subject to litigation and may be affected by the credit risk of indemnifying parties, and are therefore subject to significant uncertainties as to the amount and timing of recovery.

As noted above, we have voluntarily disclosed VAT owed to several relevant tax authorities in the EU member states, and believe in doing so we will reduce our liability for penalties and interest. Nonetheless, we may incur expenses in future periods related to such matters, including litigation costs and other expenses to defend our position. The outcome of such matters is inherently unpredictable and subject to significant uncertainties. Refer to "Note 7—Commitments and Contingencies" for additional discussion regarding our contingencies.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net loss attributable to Greenlane by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net loss attributable to Greenlane by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive elements. See “Note 9—Stockholders' Equity - Net Loss Per Share.”

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. The standard requires the use of an “expected loss” model on certain types of financial instruments. The standard also amends the impairment model for available-for-sale securities and requires estimated credit losses to be recorded as allowances rather than as reductions to the amortized cost of the securities. This standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2022 for filers that are eligible to be smaller reporting companies under the SEC's definition. Early adoption is

permitted. We do not believe the adoption of this new guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires that an acquirer recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, as if it had originated the contracts. Prior to this ASU, an acquirer generally recognizes contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed that arose from contracts with customers at fair value on the acquisition date. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The ASU is to be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date of the amendment (or if adopted early as of an interim period, as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period of early application). We do not believe the adoption of this new guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements

As previously disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 15, 2023, on November 10, 2023, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Audit Committee”) of the Company, after consultation with management and discussions with Marcum LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, concluded that the sequence it used in applying the guidance in ASC 360-10-35 and ASC-350-10 was done out of order in determining whether an impairment of its definite-lived intangible assets existed as of September 30, 2022. Under the guidance provided by ASC 360-10-35, the carrying amounts of any assets that are not within the scope of ASC 360-10, other than goodwill, should be adjusted for impairment, as necessary, prior to testing long-lived assets for impairment under ASC-350-10 and the carrying amount of assets within the scope of ASC 360-10 should be adjusted for impairment prior to testing goodwill for impairment under ASC 350-10.

Additionally, on January 2, 2024, the Audit Committee, after consultation with management and discussions with Marcum LLP, concluded that the that the Company's ERP system capitalized cost was impaired due to the system not being able to be sold separately from the business, and the current enterprise value of the business does not support the carrying value of the ERP system.

As a result, the carrying balance of definite-lived intangible assets and property and equipment was overstated in the Company’s previously issued unaudited consolidated financial statements for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022, which also impacted the audited consolidated financial statements for the annual period ended December 31, 2022, and the quarterly unaudited consolidated financial statements for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2023 and June 30, 2023 (collectively, the “Affected Periods”), as well as the relevant portions of any communication or filings which describe or are based on such financial statements, and therefore these financial statements for the Affected Periods should no longer be relied upon and are to be restated.

Management prepared a quantitative and qualitative analysis of these errors in accordance with the U.S. SEC Staff's Accounting Bulletin Nos. 99 and 108, Materiality, and concluded the aggregate impact of the error is material to the Company's previously reported financial statements for the Affected Periods. As a result, the accompanying financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 and related notes hereto, have been restated to correct these errors.

These changes are to non-cash items and do not change the Company’s reported operating revenues or costs of goods sold, however, the Company determined that these changes have a material impact on the as-filed financial statements for the Affected Periods, and as a result, the restatement of the Affected Periods is required.

There was no impact to net cash flows related to operating, financing or investing activities for any of the Affected Periods.

A summary of the impact of the adjustments on the previously reported financial statements are included below. Note 14 discloses the impact of the adjustments on the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods within the year ended December 31, 2022.

GREENLANE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET


	December 31, 2022
(in thousands, except par value per share amounts)	As previously reported		Corrections (a)		As restated
ASSETS
Property and equipment, net	$	11,062	$	(7,100)	$	3,962
Intangible assets, net	$	49,268	$	(49,268)	$	—
Total assets	$	146,053	$	(56,368)	$	89,685

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Additional paid-in capital	$	266,516	$	(2,636)	$	263,880
Accumulated deficit	$	(171,365)	$	(53,749)	$	(225,114)
Total stockholders’ equity attributable to Greenlane Holdings, Inc.	$	95,358	$	(56,385)	$	38,973
Non-controlling interest	$	1	$	17	$	18
Total stockholders’ equity	$	95,359	$	(56,368)	$	38,991
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	146,053	$	(56,368)	$	89,685

GREENLANE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS


	For the year ended December 31, 2022
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)	As previously reported		Corrections (a)		As restated
Operating expenses:
Definite-lived intangibles impairment charge	—		50,694		50,694
Property and equipment impairment charge	—		7,336		7,336
Depreciation and amortization	9,067		(1,662)		7,405
Total operating expenses	152,717		56,368		209,085
Loss from operations	(127,734)		(56,368)		(184,102)

Loss before income taxes	(125,871)		(56,368)		(182,239)
Net loss	(125,858)		(56,368)		(182,226)
Less: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	(10,098)		(2,619)		(12,717)
Net loss attributable to Greenlane Holdings, Inc.	(115,760)		(53,749)		(169,509)

Net loss attributable to Class A common stock per share - basic & diluted*	$	(15.37)	$	(7.14)	$	(22.51)
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic & diluted*	7,531		—		7,531

Comprehensive loss	(126,043)		(56,368)		(182,411)
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest	(10,014)		(2,619)		(12,633)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Greenlane Holdings, Inc.	$	(116,029)	$	(53,749)	$	(169,778)

*After giving effect to the one-for-20 Reverse Stock Split effective August 9, 2022.

GREENLANE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(in thousands)


	Class A Common Stock			Class B Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital*		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Non- Controlling Interest		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares*	Amount*		Shares*	Amount*
Balance As previously reported
Net loss	—	$	—	—	$	—	$	—	$	(115,760)	$	—	$	(10,098)	$	(125,858)
Exchanges of noncontrolling interest for Class A common stock	1,087	9		(1,087)	—		10,282		—		—		(10,291)		—
Balance Balance December 31, 2022	15,985	152		—	—		266,516		(171,365)		55		1		95,359
Restatement impacts (a)
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(53,749)		—		(2,619)		(56,368)
Exchanges of noncontrolling interest for Class A common stock	—	—		—	—		(2,636)		—		—		2,636		—
Balance Balance December 31, 2022	—	—		—	—		(2,636)		(53,749)		—		17		(56,368)
Balance As restated
Net loss (As restated)	—	—		—	—		—		(169,509)		—		(12,717)		(182,226)
Exchanges of noncontrolling interest for Class A common stock	1,087	9		(1,087)	—		7,646		—		—		(7,655)		—
Balance Balance December 31, 2022 (As restated)	15,985	$	152	—	$	—	$	263,880	$	(225,114)	$	55	$	18	$	38,991

*After giving effect to the one-for-20 Reverse Stock Split effective August 9, 2022.

GREENLANE HOLDINGS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


	For the year ended December 31, 2022
(in thousands)	As previously reported		Corrections (a)		As restated
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss (including amounts attributable to non-controlling interest)	$	(125,858)	$	(56,368)	$	(182,226)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	$	9,067	$	(1,662)	$	7,405
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles impairment charge	$	71,360	$	—	$	71,360
Definite-lived intangibles impairment charge	$	—	$	50,694	$	50,694
Property and equipment impairment charge	$	—	$	7,336	$	7,336
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(26,426)	$	—	$	(26,426)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	$	12,025	$	—	$	12,025
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net cash provided by financing activities	$	13,930	$	—	$	13,930
Net (decrease) in cash and restricted cash	$	(681)	$	—	$	(681)
Cash and restricted cash, as of beginning of the period	$	12,857	$	—	$	12,857
Cash and restricted cash, as of end of the period	$	12,176	$	—	$	12,176

(a) To reflect 1) the impairment charge to definite-lived intangibles and property and equipment, which occurred as of September 30, 2022, along with the allocation of the resulting additional net loss to non-controlling interest; and 2) the reversal of depreciation and amortization expense recognized during the fourth quarter of 2022.